标签： 上海419 后花园

　　Cctv newsOn the morning of December 8, the State Council Press Office held a routine briefing on the State Council policy, introducing the situation of promoting the Shanghai Pilot Free Trade Zone to fully meet international high-standard economic and trade rules, and answering reporters’ questions.

　　Zhu Min, director of the Shanghai Municipal Commission of Commerce, said that Shanghai has focused on improving efficiency, reducing costs and optimizing processes, and has carried out special actions for cross-border trade facilitation for six consecutive years to continuously optimize the business environment of cross-border trade. Shanghai’s "single window" for international trade has also been promoted by the World Bank. The continuous optimization of the business environment of cross-border trade has boosted the scale of Shanghai’s trade to increase year by year. From January to October this year, the total value of Shanghai’s import and export goods exceeded 3.5 trillion yuan, up 1.9% year-on-year, hitting a record high.

　　We will actively carry out benchmarking reform. The Master Plan is in line with the requirements of the World Bank’s international trade business environment in many fields, and introduces three aspects.

　　First, further deepen reform and innovation and continuously optimize the whole process of customs clearance. The customs clearance facilitation measures proposed in the Overall Plan will help to optimize the layout of international transit consolidation functions, build a monitoring system of operation time in the whole link and process, strengthen inter-departmental coordination, and further reduce the overall customs clearance time at ports. It should be added here that at present, the overall customs clearance time at Shanghai Port has been less than 48 hours, and the low-value express mail has been released within 6 hours under normal circumstances.

　　The second is to further build smart ports and improve the digitalization level of cross-border trade. In the Master Plan, it is clearly proposed to support the "single window" of Shanghai international trade to build a data cross-border exchange system, which will help to build a smart port big data base and a "one-stop" trade digital public service platform based on the "single window" of Shanghai international trade, and improve the digitalization and intelligence level of cross-border trade.

　　The third is to further optimize the service for enterprises and continuously improve the overall service environment of trade. There are more than 50,000 import and export enterprises in Shanghai, and the concentration of service trade enterprises is also very high, most of which are small and medium-sized enterprises. The measures proposed in the Master Plan to promote the cooperation and digital development of small and medium-sized enterprises will help strengthen the communication and services between government departments and trading enterprises, especially small and medium-sized enterprises, and further enhance the sense of acquisition and satisfaction of trading enterprises.

　　Related links：

　　Ministry of Commerce: Focus on 7 aspects and put forward 80 measures to promote high-level institutional opening up.

　　Cctv news(Reporter Gao Yuting) On the morning of May 25th, 2016 China Big Data Industry Summit and China E-commerce Innovation and Development Summit opened in Guiyang. Qi Xiangdong, President of Qihoo 360 Technology Co., Ltd. delivered a speech at the opening ceremony.

　　The following is the full text of Qi Xiangdong’s speech:

　　Good morning, leaders, ladies and gentlemen, friends! We are doing safety, and safety is stepping on the brakes, so I will mainly talk about safety today. It is a great honor to attend this conference. The theme of this conference is "Data creates value, innovation drives the future", which coincides with the theme of "Data-driven security" of the China Security Conference held last year.

　　Let’s talk about three points.

　　First, big data is also a double-edged sword, which can benefit society and people. If it is used by some people, it can also harm social and public interests. Just now, Baidu Li talked about artificial intelligence, which really makes us impulsive and yearning, like autonomous driving and unmanned aircraft. However, if autonomous driving is realized, big data needs to be continuously transmitted from the end to the cloud, and then from the cloud to the end. In this process, the data is hijacked, and the drone and self-driving car will be cracked, and its direction control will no longer be the owner’s meaning.

　　Smart home can also bring us a lot of convenience. On the way off work, you can remotely control the oven, soymilk machine and washing machine to work through your mobile phone. But also, if these big data in the cloud are replaced by hackers through data deception, then the hardware of these smart homes may become stupid hardware, or it may become a weapon that harms family safety. When you get home, a hacker may remotely control your washing machine to run at 90 degrees and 1200 rpm for a whole day. Some time ago, a cyber fraud case was cracked in Guangdong. A hacker obtained the names, card numbers and passwords of many bank users through cyber attacks, and organized a group of people to steal credit cards, involving 1.5 billion RMB, involving 49 banks. In February this year, the largest cyber theft case occurred in the history of the world. The head of the Bangladesh Central Bank said that if the hacker hadn’t made a spelling mistake that day, there would have been a $1 billion transaction.

　　General Secretary of the Supreme Leader said at the 4.19 Network Information Work Symposium that security is the premise of development, so governments and enterprises at all levels must not forget to consider security issues when developing big data. Once a big data center in the cloud has a major security breach, it may lead to the loss of customers in this center.

　　Second, traditional security ideas have no way to solve the problem of big data security. The traditional way to solve network security is to divide the boundaries. We separate the internal network from the external network, isolate the risks with terminal equipment, and solve the security problems with the network to hold the boundaries. However, with the emergence of mobile Internet and cloud technology, mobile terminals shuttle among 4G, WiFi and wired cables, and the network boundary has disappeared. We find more than 120 vulnerabilities in software and hardware and websites every day. Every Trojan horse and every vulnerability may attack our pre-deployed security equipment and security software.

　　On December 31st, last year, the network of Ukrainian electric power company was attacked, which caused the first power outage due to network attack in history. In March this year, Syrian hacker groups controlled the chemical formula of the water plant through cyber attacks, which led to the water supply of the water plant being stopped. If such an attack is not found, then the water we drink may be poisonous.

　　In fact, cyber attacks occur every day, and China is the biggest victim of cyber attacks. Last year, 360-Day Eye Lab detected that the hacker department of "OceanLotus" launched a sophisticated and targeted cyber attack on China for three years. These examples all show that the traditional network protection methods have failed, and it is urgent to solve the big data problem and security problem.　

　　Third, use big data methods to solve big data problems. In his speech on 4.19, the Supreme Leader General Secretary put forward five new concepts of network security for the first time. Among them, he said that network security is dynamic, not static, and it is out of date to rely on installing several security devices and network software, which requires dynamic and comprehensive network protection software. The General Secretary requires comprehensive network security situational awareness. These arguments are summed up to solve the problem of big data security with big data methods. It is no longer a problem for hackers to access our system, but they must look for data that they think is valuable after entering the network. If they can find it in time before they find it and take it away, they can cut off the attack and find the source.

　　A person can disguise his voice and fingerprints, but there is no way to disguise his behavior. This is data. Therefore, data can see through everything, and it can also show that any access behavior on all networks will leave traces. A hacker’s behavior on the Internet is different from that of normal employees’ network access behavior. Using big data, we can find out whether it has been attacked, who has been attacked, what kind of data the attacker cares about us, and what measures should be taken to cut off this attack. This method is called a new security system under data-driven security thinking, which includes vulnerability mining technology, network attack technology, network sample analysis technology, network address resolution database, network access database and so on. The huge big data system and big data technology composed of all kinds of big data is the traditional big data in internet plus.

　　Three years ago, 360 seized the opportunity, and the user coverage rate reached 96.1%. From this, we also mastered the largest malware database in the world. With these big data and 360 powerful big data analysis capabilities, the only global network security situational awareness system in China has been developed. Last year, we discovered 29 organizations that launched APT attacks against the government of China, covering 31 provinces, controlling tens of thousands of computers in important systems in China, with the longest latency of 8 years.

　　In short, cyber attacks can be seen and managed with the ability of big data. This set of maps has also been brought to the Expo, and everyone has the opportunity to see it in the afternoon. This afternoon, three products for protecting smart city big data were released with the help of the Expo platform. Welcome to visit and guide.

　　Thank you!

　　　　On April 24, a pilot of China Eastern Airlines resigned and suffered a claim of 12.75 million yuan from the airline. He was finally sentenced by the Kunming Intermediate People’s Court and awarded compensation of more than 1.4 million yuan for training fees of China Eastern Airlines.

　　　　The dust of the "sky-high price" claim case that lasted for nearly a year has settled. Regardless of whether the case is related to the "return flight" incident of China Eastern Airlines, it reflects a reality from different aspects: the civil aviation law is seriously lagging behind the development of the aviation industry, just like the problems caused by the "return flight" incident.

　　　　In January this year, Li Jiaxiang, former acting director of the General Administration of Civil Aviation and now director of the Civil Aviation Administration, said at the national civil aviation work conference: speed up the revision of the Civil Aviation Law. Relevant experts believe that the revision of the civil aviation law should highlight the people-oriented thinking and strengthen the protection of consumers’ rights and interests and pilots’ rights and interests.

　　　　Controversy highlights the lack of

　　　　On March 31, China Eastern Airlines’ collective "return flight" occurred. With people’s keen attention, China Eastern Airlines admitted on April 7 that it was caused by "human factors".

　　　　Why did the pilot deliberately return? In further questioning, people learned that the pilots vented their dissatisfaction with airlines and used passengers to play games with airlines.

　　　　Job-hopping is difficult, labor intensity is high, and the treatment is unfair … Later, the pilots came forward to complain, letting people know that there are so many secrets for pilots with high salary and scenery, and at the same time letting people know that the game between pilots and airlines has a long history: in June 2006, six pilots of a branch of China Eastern Airlines began a five-day "hunger strike" protest at the Shanghai headquarters of China Eastern Airlines because they wanted to leave the company without approval. The "hunger strike" pilot said that he had resigned before and was compensated by the company for the captain’s 6 million yuan and the co-pilot’s 3.07 million yuan according to relevant regulations. On the afternoon of March 14, 2008, more than 40 captains of Shanghai Airlines reported sick leave at the same time because they thought they had been treated unfairly. On March 28th, 2008, 11 captains of East Star Airlines collectively "asked for leave" due to labor disputes with the company …

　　　　"An important reason for the above incidents is that neither the aviation law nor the provisions of the former Civil Aviation Administration have clearly defined the mechanism for the rational flow of pilots." Zhang Qihuai, a researcher at the Aviation and Space Law Research Center of China University of Political Science and Law, believes that China Eastern Airlines’ collective "return flight" is a "radical" behavior of pilots in order to protect their rights and interests, but they can’t find favorable legal weapons and legal channels.

　　　　Zhang Qihuai further analyzed that the large-scale pilots resigned mainly because they were dissatisfied with the internal management mechanism of airlines. There is a lack of an effective relationship communication and conflict resolution mechanism between pilots and airlines. Once there is a conflict, even if the legitimate rights and interests of the pilot are infringed by the airline, the pilot can’t get a "statement" from a proper way, which will inevitably lead to the intensification of contradictions between the two sides.

　　　　The problem of delayed passengers’ difficulty in obtaining compensation has always been criticized, and it is also controversial in the handling of this "return flight" incident. It is understood that Article 126 of the Civil Aviation Law stipulates that the carrier shall bear the responsibility for the losses caused by the delay of passengers, luggage or goods in air transportation. It was found that the airline had no excuse for the collective "return flight" incident, and compensation was necessary. How can I compensate? How much is the compensation? There is no provision in the current civil aviation law.

　　　　According to "Guiding Opinions on Implementing Economic Compensation for Passengers Due to Flight Delays Caused by Domestic Airlines" issued by the former scaa in July 2004, China Eastern Airlines only compensated each passenger about 400 yuan, thus evading the liability for compensation, which made the delayed passengers very dissatisfied.

　　　　Relevant experts said that there are two outstanding issues in the protection of passengers’ rights and interests in the civil aviation law. First, how to deal with flight delays? Besides compensation, how to compensate passengers? The current civil aviation law lacks maneuverability; The other is that in the case of passenger casualties, the amount of compensation is far from the international standard.

　　　　The revision faltered

　　　　"The legal provisions are too principled and the civil aviation law with poor operability has reached the point where it must be revised." Professor Dong Nianqing, director of the Aviation Law Research Center of China Civil Aviation Management Cadre College, said that the civil aviation law has been implemented for 12 years, and now the environment has changed greatly, and the aviation industry is also developing rapidly. The total turnover of air transport in China ranks second in the world, and the contradiction that the civil aviation law does not meet the actual needs is increasingly prominent.

　　　　In fact, in the 12 years since the implementation of the Civil Aviation Law in March 1996, with the new situation and new problems in the development of the aviation industry, the voice of amending the Civil Aviation Law has never stopped.

　　　　In 2003, with the end of civil aviation reorganization, China’s entry into WTO and the acceleration of various legal reforms, the legal environment at home and abroad faced by civil aviation has changed. At that time, according to media reports, the relevant departments responded to the appeal of experts and scholars, and launched the revision of the civil aviation law, saying that it was necessary to be in line with the market and the legal system. Since then, there have been reports that "the revised draft has been completed" and "there are more than 100 revisions".

　　　　Due to the compensation standard, the Baotou air crash in November 2004 has been heated for a long time. On February 28th, 2006, the former General Administration of Civil Aviation promulgated the Provisions on the Limitation of Liability of Domestic Air Carriers, which stipulated that the limitation of liability of air carriers for each passenger was 400,000 yuan. At the two sessions in 2006, NPC deputies jointly proposed to amend the civil aviation law. Deputies to the National People’s Congress, members of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and some legal experts believe that the relevant provisions of the civil aviation law are lagging behind, and the internal management system of civil aviation is not perfect and unified, among which there are many "overlord clauses" for self-protection.

　　　　In January 2007, the former General Administration of Civil Aviation publicly stated that the current civil aviation law came into being during the period of the integration of government and enterprise. With the separation of government and enterprise in civil aviation reform, some contents of the law have not met the needs of civil aviation development and the protection of passengers’ rights and interests, and need to be revised urgently. At the same time, it is revealed that the investigation on the revision of the civil aviation law has been initiated.

　　　　Today, the revision of the civil aviation law is still "only hearing the sound of stairs, but no one is coming down." Zhang Qihuai said that the revision was not as smooth as expected. The biggest resistance comes from within the civil aviation industry. For the sake of safeguarding the interests of its own departments, civil aviation management departments will naturally not actively formulate relevant regulations to increase their constraints, including passenger compensation and pilot flow.

　　　　Highlight people-oriented

　　　　It has become a social consensus that the civil aviation law should be amended and urgently amended. In this regard, experts put forward expectations and suggestions for revision.

　　　　Zhang Qihuai believes that the revision of the civil aviation law should highlight the people-oriented thinking, strengthen the protection of consumers’ rights and interests and pilots’ rights and interests, and reasonably limit the protection of the industry. He suggested that relevant managers and experts should be organized as soon as possible to step up research on the shortcomings of the current civil aviation law and the new problems in the aviation industry, and formulate a basic aviation law that is in line with international standards and appropriately advanced. At present, the provisions of the civil aviation law, such as compensation standards and flight delay compensation, which lag behind social development, are revised, and provisions such as airport safety management and accident handling procedures are added.

　　　　Civil aviation law was formulated in the process of transition from planned economy system to market economy system, which is mainly aimed at industry supervision and has a strong preference for civil aviation enterprises. In this regard, Dong Nianqing said that in the interests of both consumers and carriers, it should be tilted towards the carrier to the consumer. Because the air transport industry is no longer a fragile industry at the beginning, in order to protect the naive civil aviation industry, the law has made some tilt, then, in today’s growing aviation industry, the legal balance should be tilted towards consumers.

　　　　At the same time, he pointed out that at present, the legal provisions of some countries in the world (including international conventions) have turned more to safeguarding consumers’ rights and interests.

　　　　In view of the fact that international treaties and the basic aviation laws of various countries have direct provisions on the compensation standard and liability limit of air transport, relevant experts suggest that China should also directly and clearly stipulate the liability limit in the civil aviation law, and unify the international and domestic compensation standards based on the principle of "equality before the law". To take a step back, if we consider China’s current level of economic development, we can’t directly stipulate it in the civil aviation law, but we should also authorize the State Council to make specific provisions on compensation standards in the civil aviation law. Instead of authorizing the former CAAC as it is now. It is difficult for CAAC to achieve fairness because it is linked to the interests of airlines and airports.

　　　　Experts also suggested that the revision time limit, revision procedure and revision time limit of the liability limit should be clarified. (Reporter Huang Qingchang)

Editor: Liu Haifeng