标签： 阿拉 后花园 上海

　　Cctv newsOn March 23, the National Internet Information Office promulgated the Provisions on Administrative Law Enforcement Procedures of Internet Information Departments (hereinafter referred to as the Provisions), which will take effect on June 1, 2023. The details are as follows:

　　

Order of the State Internet Information Office

No.14

　　The Provisions on Administrative Law Enforcement Procedures of Internet Information Department has been deliberated and adopted at the 2nd meeting of the National Internet Information Office in 2023 on February 3, 2023, and is hereby promulgated and shall come into force as of June 1, 2023.

　　Zhuang Rongwen, Director of the National Internet Information Office

　　March 18th, 2023

Provisions on administrative law enforcement procedures of network information department

　　Chapter I General Provisions

　　the firstIn order to standardize and guarantee the network information departments to perform their duties according to law, protect the legitimate rights and interests of citizens, legal persons and other organizations, and safeguard national security and public interests, these Provisions are formulated in accordance with the Administrative Punishment Law of the People’s Republic of China, the Administrative Enforcement Law of the People’s Republic of China, the Cyber Security Law of the People’s Republic of China, the Data Security Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC), and the Personal Information Protection Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC).

　　the secondThese Provisions shall apply to the implementation of administrative punishment and other administrative law enforcement by the network information department.

　　The term "network information department" as mentioned in these Provisions refers to the national Internet information office and the local Internet information office.

　　ArticleWhen implementing administrative law enforcement, the network information department should adhere to the combination of punishment and education, so that the facts are clear, the evidence is conclusive, the basis is accurate and the procedure is legal.

　　Article 4The national network information department shall establish the administrative law enforcement supervision system of this system according to law.

　　The higher-level network information department supervises the administrative law enforcement implemented by the lower-level network information department.

　　Article 5The network information department shall strengthen the construction of law enforcement team and law enforcement capacity, and establish and improve the system of law enforcement personnel training, examination and assessment, qualification management and certificates.

　　Article 6The network information department and its law enforcement personnel shall keep confidential the state secrets, business secrets or personal privacy they know in the process of law enforcement.

　　Article 7Law enforcement officers who have a direct interest in the case or have other relations that may affect the impartial law enforcement shall withdraw.

　　If the parties consider that law enforcement officers have a direct interest in the case or have other relations that may affect the impartial law enforcement, they have the right to apply for withdrawal.

　　If a party applies for withdrawal, the network information department shall review it according to law, which shall be decided by the person in charge of the network information department. Don’t stop the investigation until the decision is made.

　　Chapter II Jurisdiction and Application

　　Article 8Administrative punishment shall be under the jurisdiction of the network information department where the illegal act occurred. Where laws, administrative regulations and departmental rules provide otherwise, such provisions shall prevail.

　　The place where the illegal act takes place includes the place where the illegal actor’s related services are licensed or filed, the place of main business, the place of registration, the place where the website founder, manager and user are located, the place where the network is connected, the place where the server is located, and the place where the terminal equipment such as computers are located.

　　Article 9The network information department at or above the county level shall exercise jurisdiction over administrative punishment cases within its administrative area according to its functions and powers. Where laws and administrative regulations provide otherwise, such provisions shall prevail.

　　Article 10If more than two online information departments have jurisdiction over the same illegal act of the parties, the online information department that first filed the case shall have jurisdiction.

　　If two or more network information departments have disputes over jurisdiction, they shall settle them through consultation; if consultation fails, they shall report to the common network information department at the next higher level for designation of jurisdiction; It can also be directly designated by the common network information department at the next higher level.

　　Article 11If the higher-level network information department deems it necessary, it can directly handle the cases under the jurisdiction of the lower-level network information department, or it can hand over the cases under its jurisdiction to the lower-level network information department for handling. If laws, administrative regulations and departmental rules clearly stipulate that the case shall be under the jurisdiction of the higher-level network information department, the higher-level network information department shall not hand over the case to the lower-level network information department for jurisdiction.

　　If the lower-level network information department cannot exercise jurisdiction over the cases under its jurisdiction due to special reasons, it may report to the higher-level network information department for jurisdiction or designate jurisdiction.

　　If the network information department below the municipal level with districts finds that the administrative punishment cases under its jurisdiction involve national security and other circumstances, it shall promptly report to the network information department at the next higher level and, if necessary, report to the network information department at the next higher level for jurisdiction.

　　Article 12If the network information department finds that the accepted case does not belong to its jurisdiction, it shall promptly transfer it to the network information department with jurisdiction.

　　The transferred network information department shall promptly inform the network information department of the transferred case of the investigation results of the case; If it is considered that the transfer is improper, it shall be reported to the common network information department at the next higher level for designated jurisdiction, and it shall not be transferred again by itself.

　　Article 13After receiving a request for jurisdiction dispute or reporting to the designated jurisdiction, the higher-level network information department shall make a decision on designated jurisdiction within ten working days and notify the lower-level network information department in writing.

　　Article 14If the network information department finds that the case is under the jurisdiction of other administrative organs, it shall transfer it to the relevant administrative organs according to law.

　　If the network information department finds that an illegal act is suspected of committing a crime, it shall promptly transfer the case to the judicial organ. If the judicial organ decides to file a case, the network information department shall complete the transfer procedures in time.

　　The network information department shall strengthen coordination and cooperation with the judicial organs, establish and improve the case transfer system, strengthen the transfer and reception of evidence materials, and improve the information notification mechanism for case handling.

　　Article 15The network information department shall send the obtained evidence and related materials to the original licensing and approval department, which shall decide whether to lower the qualification level or revoke the license according to law.

　　Article 16For the same illegal act of a party, no administrative penalty of more than two fines shall be imposed. If the same illegal act violates multiple legal norms and should be fined, it shall be punished in accordance with the provisions of high fines.

　　Chapter III Administrative Punishment Procedure

　　Section 1 filing a case

　　Article 17The network information department shall promptly investigate and deal with the following matters, and fill in the case source registration form:

　　(a) found clues to the case in the supervision and inspection;

　　(2) A natural person, legal person or other organization makes a complaint, appeal or report;

　　(3) Assigned by the network information department at a higher level or reported for investigation by the network information department at a lower level;

　　(4) Transferred by the relevant authorities;

　　(5) Discovered by other means or channels.

　　Article 18The filing of administrative punishment shall meet the following conditions:

　　(a) acts suspected of violating laws, administrative regulations and departmental rules shall be given administrative punishment according to law;

　　(2) Being under the jurisdiction of this department;

　　(three) within the statutory time limit for administrative punishment.

　　Those who meet the conditions for filing a case shall fill in the approval form for filing a case, together with relevant materials, and report to the person in charge of the network information department for approval within seven working days, and designate two or more law enforcement officers as the case undertaker. Under special circumstances, the case may be extended to fifteen working days.

　　For complaints, appeals and reports that are not filed, a written record shall be kept of the relevant information that is not filed.

　　If a case transferred by another organ decides not to file a case, it shall inform the transferring organ in writing.

　　If the case is not filed or revoked, the undertaker shall make an approval form for not filing or revoking the case and report it to the person in charge of the network information department for approval.

　　Section 2 Investigation and evidence collection

　　Article 19The investigation and evidence collection of cases by the network information department shall be carried out by law enforcement personnel with administrative law enforcement qualifications. There shall be no less than two law enforcement personnel, and they shall take the initiative to show their law enforcement certificates to the parties or relevant personnel. When necessary, you can hire professionals to assist.

　　If the evidence is collected and obtained from the parties to a case for the first time, they shall be informed of their right to apply for withdrawal by law enforcement officers.

　　When collecting and obtaining evidence from relevant units and individuals, they shall be informed of their obligation to provide evidence truthfully. Respondents and relevant personnel shall truthfully answer inquiries, assist and cooperate with the investigation, and provide timely information released by network operators, information released by users, log information and other related materials that should be preserved according to law, and shall not obstruct or interfere with the investigation of cases.

　　Article 20In the process of law enforcement, the network information department really needs the assistance of the relevant authorities or other administrative regions in the investigation and evidence collection, and shall issue a letter of assistance in the investigation, which shall specify the specific matters and time limit for assistance.

　　The network information department that received the letter of assistance in the investigation shall give assistance to the assistance matters within the scope of its functions and powers, and complete the relevant work within 15 working days from the date of receiving the letter of assistance in the investigation; If it is necessary to postpone the completion or is unable to assist, it shall promptly notify the network information department that requested assistance.

　　Article 21Law enforcement officers shall collect evidence related to the case according to law, including documentary evidence, physical evidence, audio-visual materials, electronic data, witness testimony, statements of the parties, expert opinions, transcripts of inquests, on-site transcripts, etc.

　　Electronic data refers to data formed in the course of a case, stored, processed and transmitted in digital form in electronic devices or storage media such as computer devices, mobile communication devices, Internet servers, mobile storage devices and cloud storage systems, and can prove the facts of the case. Audio-visual materials include audio-visual materials and video materials. Audio recordings and video materials stored in electronic media shall be subject to the provisions of electronic data.

　　The evidence should be verified before it can be used as the basis for determining the facts of the case.

　　Evidence obtained by illegal means shall not be used as the basis for ascertaining the facts of a case.

　　Article 22Evidence obtained according to law in the process of investigation, supervision and inspection before filing a case can be used as evidence of a case.

　　For the transferred case, the evidence materials collected by the transfer organ according to its functions and powers can be used as evidence of the case.

　　Article 23Before filing a case, the network information department may take measures such as inquiry, inquest, inspection, detection, inspection, appraisal and obtaining relevant materials, and may not restrict the personal and property rights of the respondents.

　　After the network information department files a case, it can take measures such as first registration and preservation of the articles, facilities and places involved.

　　Article 24In the process of law enforcement, the network information department shall make an inquiry record, which shall specify the time, place, facts, course and other contents. The record of inquiry shall be submitted to the object of inquiry or other relevant personnel for verification and confirmation, and shall be signed by law enforcement officers and the object of inquiry or other relevant personnel. If the interviewee and other relevant personnel refuse to sign or are unable to sign, the reasons shall be indicated.

　　Article 25The network information department shall conduct an inquest and inspection on the places, articles and networks involved in illegal acts, and collect and fix documentary evidence, physical evidence, audio-visual materials and electronic data in time.

　　Article 26The network information department may entrust a judicial authentication institution to issue an authentication opinion on the specialized issues in the case; If it is not within the scope of judicial expertise, it may entrust a competent or qualified institution to issue a test report or inspection report.

　　Article 27The network information department can obtain evidence materials that can prove the facts of the case from the relevant units and individuals, and can take photos, video, copy and copy as needed.

　　Documentary evidence and material evidence collected shall be original and original. If it is really difficult to obtain the original and the original, the relevant units and individuals who submitted the evidence may sign or seal the copy, indicating the words "This copy was provided by XXX and it is the same as the original (object) after verification" or a written description, indicating the date of issuance and the source of the evidence, and signing or sealing it.

　　The retrieved audio-visual materials and electronic data shall be original carriers or backup media. If it is really difficult to retrieve the original carrier or backup medium, you can collect copies, and indicate the production method, production time, producer and other information. When collecting audio data, a written record of the audio content shall be attached.

　　Article 28In the case that the evidence may be lost or difficult to obtain in the future, with the approval of the person in charge of the network information department, law enforcement officers can register and save the items suspected of committing illegal acts, such as computers, servers, hard disks, mobile storage devices and memory cards, make a list of registered and preserved items, and issue a notice of registration and preservation to the parties concerned. During the period of advance registration and preservation, the parties and other relevant personnel shall not damage, destroy or transfer the evidence.

　　If the network information department implements the advance registration and preservation, it shall notify the parties or holders to be present, and record the relevant measures taken in the on-site transcripts.

　　Article 29The network information department shall, within seven working days, make the following decision on the evidence registered and preserved in advance:

　　(1) If it is necessary to take evidence preservation measures, it shall be returned after taking evidence preservation measures such as recording, copying, photographing and video recording;

　　(two) the need for inspection, testing and identification, inspection, testing and identification of institutions with corresponding qualifications;

　　(three) the illegal facts are not established, or the evidence registered and preserved in advance is not related to the illegal facts, and the registration and preservation in advance is cancelled.

　　If no decision is made within the time limit, the advance registration and preservation shall be cancelled.

　　If the illegal facts are established and should be confiscated according to law, administrative punishment shall be imposed in accordance with legal procedures.

　　Article 30When collecting and preserving electronic data, the network information department can take measures such as on-site evidence collection, remote evidence collection and ordering relevant units and individuals to fix and submit them.

　　After on-site evidence collection and remote evidence collection, electronic evidence collection records shall be made.

　　Article 31In the process of investigation and evidence collection, law enforcement officers shall require the parties to sign, fingerprint, seal or confirm by other means on the transcripts and other relevant materials.

　　If the party concerned refuses to be present, sign, fingerprint, stamp or confirm by other means, or if the party concerned cannot be found, two law enforcement officers shall indicate the reasons in the record or other materials, and invite other relevant personnel to sign or stamp as witnesses, or record by means of audio and video recording.

　　Article 32The equipment and articles proved by evidence to be used for illegal personal information processing activities may be sealed up or detained.

　　To take or remove the measures of sealing up or detaining, a written report shall be made to the main person in charge of the network information department and approved. In case of emergency, if it is necessary to take measures of sealing up or detaining on the spot, law enforcement officers shall report to the main person in charge of the network information department within 24 hours and go through the approval procedures. If the main person in charge of the network information department thinks that the measures of sealing up or detaining should not be taken, it should be lifted immediately.

　　Article 33After the investigation of the case, if the undertaker thinks that the illegal facts are established and should be given administrative punishment, he shall write a report on the handling of the case and draft a proposal for administrative punishment.

　　Under any of the following circumstances, the undertaker shall write a report on the handling of the case, explaining the reasons for the proposed handling, and report it to the person in charge of the network information department for approval and deal with it according to different situations:

　　(a) that the illegal facts can not be established, no administrative punishment;

　　(two) the illegal act is minor and corrected in time, without causing harmful consequences, and no administrative punishment is given;

　　(three) the first violation of the law and the harmful consequences are minor and corrected in time, and administrative punishment may not be imposed;

　　(four) the parties have enough evidence to prove that there is no subjective fault, and administrative punishment shall not be imposed. If there are other provisions in laws and administrative regulations, those provisions shall prevail;

　　(five) the case is not under the jurisdiction of this department and should be transferred to other administrative organs for jurisdiction;

　　(six) suspected of committing a crime, should be transferred to judicial organs.

　　Article 34When conducting supervision and inspection or case investigation, the network information department shall order the parties concerned to correct the illegal acts immediately or within a time limit if the existing evidence proves that the illegal facts are established.

　　Article 35For administrative punishment cases with clear facts, where the parties voluntarily admit their mistakes and admit their punishment, and have no objection to the illegal facts and the application of the law, the network information department shall handle the case quickly.

　　Section 3 Hearing

　　Article 36Before making the following administrative punishment decision, the network information department shall inform the parties of their right to request a hearing. If a party requests a hearing, it shall put forward it within five working days after being informed, and the network information department shall organize a hearing. If a party fails to request a hearing within the time limit, it shall be deemed as giving up the right of hearing:

　　(a) a large amount of fines;

　　(two) the confiscation of a large amount of illegal income, confiscation of a large value of illegal property;

　　(three) to reduce the level of qualification and revoke the license;

　　(four) ordered to stop production and business, ordered to close down, restrict employment;

　　(5) Other heavier administrative penalties;

　　(six) other circumstances stipulated by laws, administrative regulations and departmental rules.

　　Article 37The network information department shall, seven working days before the hearing, serve the notice of hearing on the parties and inform the parties and relevant personnel of the time and place for holding the hearing.

　　The hearing shall make a record of the hearing, which shall be signed or sealed by the parties or their agents after verification. If the parties or their agents refuse to sign or seal, the presiding hearer shall indicate it in the record.

　　The hearing shall be held in public unless it involves state secrets, commercial secrets or personal privacy.

　　After the hearing, the network information department shall make a decision according to the transcripts of the hearing and in accordance with the provisions of Article 42 of these Provisions.

　　Section 4 Decision and Delivery of Administrative Punishment

　　Article 38Before the network information department makes a decision on administrative punishment, it can conduct an interview with the parties according to the relevant regulations, and make a record of law enforcement interview after the conversation.

　　Article 39Before making a decision on administrative punishment, the network information department shall fill in a notice of administrative punishment opinions, inform the parties of the contents, facts, reasons and basis of the administrative punishment to be made, and inform the parties of their rights of statement and defense according to law.

　　Article 40The parties have the right to make statements and defend themselves. The network information department shall fully listen to the opinions of the parties and review the facts, reasons and evidence put forward by the parties; If the facts, reasons or evidence put forward by the parties are established, the network information department shall adopt them.

　　The network information department shall not give heavier punishment for the statements and defenses of the parties.

　　Before making a decision on administrative punishment, the network information department and its law enforcement personnel fail to inform the parties of the contents and facts, reasons and basis of the proposed administrative punishment in accordance with these Provisions, or refuse to listen to the statements and defenses of the parties, and shall not make a decision on administrative punishment, except that the parties explicitly waive their right to make statements or defenses.

　　Article 41Under any of the following circumstances, before the person in charge of the network information department makes a decision on administrative punishment, the legal review shall be conducted by the personnel engaged in the legal review of the administrative punishment decision; No decision shall be made without legal examination or examination:

　　(a) involving major public interests;

　　(two) directly related to the major rights and interests of the parties or the third party, after hearing procedures;

　　(3) The case is complicated and involves multiple legal relationships;

　　(4) Other circumstances under which legal review shall be conducted as stipulated by laws and administrative regulations.

　　The legal audit shall be carried out by the organization responsible for the legal audit determined by the network information department. Personnel engaged in the legal review of administrative punishment decisions for the first time in the network information department shall obtain legal professional qualifications through the national unified legal professional qualification examination.

　　Article 42The administrative punishment decision to be made shall be reported to the person in charge of the network information department for review. The person in charge of the network information department made the following decisions according to different situations:

　　(a) there are illegal acts that should be subject to administrative punishment, and make a decision on administrative punishment according to the seriousness and specific circumstances;

　　(two) if the illegal act is minor, administrative punishment may not be imposed according to law;

　　(three) the illegal facts can not be established, no administrative punishment;

　　(four) if the illegal act is suspected of committing a crime, it shall be transferred to judicial organs.

　　Article 43If the circumstances are complicated or major illegal acts are given administrative punishment, the person in charge of the network information department shall make a collective discussion and decision. The process of collective discussion and decision shall be recorded in writing.

　　Article 44When making a decision on administrative punishment, the network information department shall make a unified number of administrative punishment decisions.

　　The written decision on administrative punishment shall specify the following items:

　　(1) Basic information such as the name and address of the party concerned;

　　(2) Facts and evidence of violation of laws, administrative regulations and departmental rules;

　　(three) the types and basis of administrative punishment;

　　(four) the way and time limit for the performance of administrative punishment;

　　(five) the way and time limit for applying for administrative reconsideration and bringing an administrative lawsuit;

　　(six) the name of the network information department that made the decision on administrative punishment and the date of making the decision.

　　If the decision on administrative punishment involves the confiscation of relevant articles, it shall also be accompanied by a certificate of confiscation of articles.

　　The written decision on administrative punishment must be stamped with the seal of the network information department that made the decision on administrative punishment.

　　Article 45The network information department shall make a decision on administrative punishment within 90 days from the date of filing the case of administrative punishment.

　　If a decision cannot be made within the prescribed time limit due to the complexity of the case, it may be extended for 60 days with the approval of the person in charge of the department. If the case is particularly complicated or the circumstances are special, and the decision cannot be made after the extension, the person in charge of the network information department at the next higher level shall decide whether to continue the extension, and if it is decided to continue the extension, it shall also determine the reasonable time limit for the extension; If the administrative punishment case handled by the national network information department needs to be postponed, it shall be approved by the main person in charge of the department.

　　In the process of handling the case, the time for hearing, detection, inspection, appraisal and administrative assistance shall not be included in the time limit specified in the first and second paragraphs of this article.

　　Article 46The written decision on administrative punishment shall be delivered to the parties on the spot after the announcement; If the party concerned is not present, it shall, within seven working days, serve the written decision on administrative punishment on the party concerned in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Civil Procedure Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC).

　　If the parties agree and sign the confirmation letter, the network information department may serve the administrative penalty decision on the parties by fax or e-mail.

　　Chapter IV Execution and Closing of Cases

　　Article 47After the administrative penalty decision is served, the parties concerned shall perform it within the time limit specified in the administrative penalty decision.

　　If the parties are in real financial difficulties, they may apply for postponing or paying the fine by installments, and submit written materials. Upon examination by the case undertaker, the time limit and amount for delaying or paying the fine by installments are determined, and the payment can be postponed or paid by installments after being reported to the person in charge of the network information department for approval.

　　Article 48If the network operator violates the relevant laws, administrative regulations and departmental rules and regulations and needs to close the website, revoke the business license of related value-added telecommunications services or cancel the filing, it shall be transferred to the competent telecommunications department for handling.

　　Article 49If a party refuses to accept the decision on administrative punishment, it may apply for administrative reconsideration or bring an administrative lawsuit according to law.

　　If a party refuses to accept the decision on administrative punishment, applies for administrative reconsideration or brings an administrative lawsuit, the execution of administrative punishment shall not be suspended, unless otherwise provided by law.

　　If a party applies for administrative reconsideration or brings an administrative lawsuit, the amount of the additional fine shall not be counted during the administrative reconsideration or administrative lawsuit.

　　Article 50If a party fails to perform the decision on administrative punishment within the time limit, the network information department that made the decision on administrative punishment may take the following measures:

　　(1) If the fine is not paid at the due date, a fine of 3% of the fine amount shall be imposed every day, and the amount of the fine shall not exceed the fine amount;

　　(2) Apply to the people’s court for compulsory execution in accordance with the provisions of the Administrative Enforcement Law of the People’s Republic of China.

　　If the online information department approves the extension or installment payment of the fine, the time limit for applying to the people’s court for compulsory execution shall be counted from the date of the end of the suspension or installment payment of the fine.

　　Article 51If the network information department applies to the people’s court for compulsory execution, it shall fill in the reminder of the decision on administrative punishment before the application, urge the parties to perform their obligations in writing, and inform them of the time limit and method of performing their obligations, the statements they are entitled to according to law and the defend oneself; Where a fine is involved, there should be a clear amount and payment method.

　　If a party makes a statement or defense, the online information department shall record and review the facts, reasons and evidence put forward by the party, and make a statement and defense record and a statement and defense review opinion. If the facts, reasons or evidence put forward by the parties are established, the network information department shall adopt them.

　　If the party concerned still fails to perform the punishment decision ten working days after the reminder of the administrative punishment decision is served, the online information department may fill in an application for compulsory execution of administrative punishment and apply to the local people’s court with jurisdiction for compulsory execution.

　　Article 52After the implementation or enforcement of the administrative penalty decision, under any of the following circumstances, law enforcement officers shall fill in the administrative penalty closing report, sort out and bind the relevant case materials, and file them for preservation:

　　(a) the decision on administrative punishment has been fulfilled or completed;

　　(two) the people’s court ruled to terminate the execution;

　　(3) The investigation of the case is terminated;

　　(four) to make the provisions of article forty-second of the second to fourth decisions;

　　(five) other circumstances that should be closed.

　　After the case is closed, law enforcement officers shall file the case materials in accordance with the relevant provisions of file management. The filing of files should be a case, a volume, complete materials, standardized and orderly.

　　Article 53The network information department shall, in accordance with the law, record the whole process of the initiation, investigation and evidence collection, examination, decision, delivery and execution of administrative punishment in the form of words, audio and video, and keep them on file.

　　Article 54The network information department shall accept social supervision when implementing administrative punishment. Citizens, legal persons or other organizations have the right to appeal or report acts of administrative punishment against the network information department; The network information department should carefully examine it, and if it finds any mistakes, it should take the initiative to correct them.

　　Chapter V Supplementary Provisions

　　Article 55The time limit in these Provisions shall be calculated in hours and days, excluding the beginning hours and days. If the last day of expiration is a legal holiday, the date of expiration shall be the first day after the legal holiday. However, unless otherwise provided by laws and administrative regulations.

　　Article 56The "above", "below" and "inside" in these Provisions include this number and the corresponding level.

　　Article 57The national network information department is responsible for formulating the model format of administrative law enforcement related documents. The network information departments of all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government may refer to the model document format, formulate the document format applicable to administrative law enforcement in their respective administrative regions and print it by themselves.

　　Article 58These Provisions shall come into force as of June 1, 2023. The Provisions on Administrative Law Enforcement Procedures for Internet Information Content Management (Order No.2 of the State Internet Information Office) promulgated on May 2, 2017 shall be abolished at the same time.

　　"2019 China Labor Market Development Report" points out that the structural contradiction of college students’ employment is prominent, and the external environment changes cause the demand of college students to upgrade and the adjustment of college students’ supply to lag behind, which is manifested in the employment difficulties of liberal arts graduates and the shortage of science and engineering talents.

　　With the end of the semester, the "autumn trick" in full swing has also come to an end. According to the statistics of the Ministry of Education, the number of college graduates in 2020 is expected to reach 8.74 million, an increase of 400,000 compared with the same period of last year. The number of graduates has reached a new high, and the employment situation is still grim.

　　However, some college students find that their major is not as difficult to find a job as the students around them complain, and they can even easily hold several employment notices. Some surveys also point out that the employment of college students now presents a "structural contradiction": the change of social environment and the development of emerging industries lead to the shortage of science and engineering talents.

　　Science and engineering majors hand over bright "employment transcripts"

　　Looking back on my job-hunting experience during this period, Mou Panlong, a senior student at Northeastern University Qinhuangdao Branch, said, "I’m still very happy".

　　Mou Panlong majored in electrical engineering and automation. As soon as he entered his senior year, he submitted resumes to several favorite companies online — — They are well-known companies in China, and they also participated in the presentation of professional counterparts organized by the school. Not long ago, the company that submitted his resume online contacted him and invited him to have a video interview the next morning. During the interview, he introduced himself briefly and asked several professional-related questions. In the evening, he was informed that the interview had passed.

　　"Then we talked about the salary and treatment, and both sides were very satisfied. The result now should still meet psychological expectations." Yan Panlong said happily.

　　An interview with the reporter of Zhongqingbao Zhongqingwang found that in science and engineering, there are not a few students who easily hold an offer like Mou Panlong. At the same time, during this period, colleges and universities began to release the employment quality reports of graduates in 2019, and the "employment transcripts" of science and engineering majors in many science and engineering schools and comprehensive universities were very eye-catching.

　　According to the Report on the Employment Quality of Graduates in 2019 in Tsinghua University, as of October 31, 2019, the employment rate of graduates in 2019 in Tsinghua University was 98.1%. From the perspective of the industries to which the unit belongs, the industries with the largest number of graduates mainly include information transmission, software and information technology services. Enterprises are the main units for graduates to sign tripartite employment, accounting for 69.9% of the employed, of which private enterprises account for 33.4%.

　　In addition, the "Report on the Employment Quality of Graduates in 2019" released by Beihang University shows that after the average annual salary of graduates in 2018 broke the 150,000 yuan mark, the average annual salary of graduates in 2019 reached a new high of 181,300 yuan, and the graduates received an average of 3.96 employment notices during the job search. In Beijing Institute of Technology, the employment rate of graduates in 2019 was 98.35%, and the top 30 enterprises (groups) receiving graduates were all units in important fields such as aerospace, aviation, weapons and electronics.

　　"In Beijing Institute of Technology, it is not unusual for a student to get more than a dozen employment letters in his hand before the Spring Festival." Lin Jijia, director of the Career Guidance Center of Beijing Institute of Technology, also observed that the demand for science and engineering jobs has been increasing in recent years. He took the demand of employers for Beijing Institute of Technology as an example. "There is indeed an inequality between liberal arts and science and engineering. The demand for science and engineering posts is obviously greater than that of liberal arts, which may also be related to the positioning of the school."

　　"Structural Shortage" of Science and Engineering Talents

　　In the recruitment market of universities, why can "no job" and "no talent" coexist?

　　Not long ago, the 2019 China Labor Market Development Report released by the Labor Market Research Center of Beijing Normal University pointed out that the structural contradiction of college students’ employment is prominent, and the external environment changes cause the demand of college students to upgrade and the adjustment of college students’ supply to lag behind, which is manifested in the employment difficulties of liberal arts graduates and the shortage of science and engineering talents.

　　In some colleges and universities, we can see the "talent war" in the field of science and engineering from the industry distribution of employers recruited in colleges and universities. Zhejiang University’s "Report on the Employment Quality of Graduates in 2019" shows that from the distribution of the industries where 3,290 units are recruited from Zhejiang University, manufacturing, information transmission, software and information technology services, scientific research and technical services have the largest number, accounting for 50.46% of the total.

　　In view of the "structural shortage" of science and engineering talents, Liu Xiaojie, deputy director of the Admissions and Employment Department of University of Science and Technology Beijing, said in an interview with the reporter of Zhongqing Daily and Zhongqing.com that this is basically the same as the demand for talents in the core technology fields urgently needed by the majority of employers in the process of national innovation and development. At the same time, there is a large demand for engineering students in some traditional financial and management positions, which really objectively reflects the urgent demand for science and engineering talents in the market.

　　"The recruitment of enterprises is no longer focused on professionalism. They are more inclined to whether students’ ability is competent for the post, so it also provides a convenient condition for engineering students to apply for a job across the border, while the scope of cross-border job hunting for liberal arts students is indeed less likely." Liu Xiaojie said.

　　Nevertheless, both liberal arts students and science students have their own advantages and disadvantages in the process of employment.

　　Liu Xiaojie said that in the process of job hunting, science and engineering students have less practical experience related to employment. From the perspective of students’ individual ability, oral communication and expression, language organization ability and job preparation are often not as full as those of liberal arts students; However, the professional substitutability of liberal arts students is higher than that of science students, so employers will have higher requirements for job seekers’ personal ability and internship pertinence.

　　Lin Yujia also said that from the perspective of job requirements, most of the positions for recruiting liberal arts students require portability, while the job requirements for science and engineering students mainly focus on professional skills. When science and engineering students apply for civil servants or other public management positions, their written test and interview performance are obviously inferior to those of liberal arts students.

　　"In addition, judging from the job requirements announced by the national examination, there are not many positions that are not limited to majors, and many engineering students have no chance to apply for the exam. From the perspective of time schedule, the front line for liberal arts students to find a job is longer. " Lin Yijia said.

　　College students should establish "reasonable employment expectation"

　　For college students of science and engineering, it is more necessary to keep a cool head under numerous choices.

　　Liu Yiwei (pseudonym), a graduate student of Tongji University, joined the "Autumn Recruitment" army in September last year and has now "landed". Recalling the recruitment experience in the past few months, she said, "The result is good, but the process is tortuous."

　　In many written tests and interviews, Liu Yiwei had a deeper understanding of his major. "My major is technical, so compared with the liberal arts major, I feel it is relatively simple to find a counterpart job. But on the other hand, my choice is narrower than that of liberal arts students, and I can only find job opportunities in professional fields. Of course, as a science student, we should cherish what we have ‘ Technical threshold ’ " .

　　Liu Xiaojie also found some gratifying changes in this year’s graduates’ job hunting. "First of all, graduates’ awareness of job hunting has improved compared with previous students. The choice in the process of job hunting is no longer limited to high salary, and more people are beginning to think about life and future planning. Secondly, the overall level of students’ job-seeking skills has improved, which is also inseparable from the generally solid development of employment in various universities. "

　　In view of college students’ job hunting, many college teachers suggest that college students should establish "reasonable employment expectations".

　　Lin Jijia said that the so-called difficulty in finding jobs for college students is due to the contradiction between supply and demand, but there are also reasons for high personal expectations. Many students’ unreasonable employment expectations lead to "high failure and low failure". "We should pay more attention to the material treatment, pay attention to the needs of the country, and pay attention to the matching of people and posts and long-term development".

　　In addition, Liu Xiaojie suggested that it is necessary to make long-term preparations to avoid urgent needs. "Our survey shows that students who have clearly planned and practiced since their freshman year have significantly higher employment satisfaction and employment quality, and their employment difficulty is also lower. Therefore, only when they have a plan can they have a direction and a direction can they have motivation."

　　Liu Xiaojie said that for science students who are now favored by employers, it is necessary to combine their growth with the needs of the country and the development of the mainstream. "Personal growth can only be more stable and faster if you stand on the big platform of the country, and you can only play a greater role if you are in the fields and regions that the country needs most."

　　Zhongqingbao Zhongqingwang reporter Sara Ye

When it comes to the comparison between Kobe and Jordan, most people think that Jordan is the first shooting guard in the NBA, Kobe is the second shooting guard in the NBA, and Jordan is in front of Kobe, which is not controversial.

When it comes to the comparison between James and Jordan, most people think that Jordan is ahead of James; But some people think that James should be ahead of Jordan.

The reason why there is such a big difference is not because James is better than Kobe, but because of the track problem.

Kobe’s choice is to catch up with Jordan head-on. His route is similar to Jordan’s, and even his playing style and style are close to Jordan’s. In this case, Jordan has six champions and six FMVPs, and Kobe has five champions and two FMVPs, so everyone thinks that Jordan won and Kobe lost.

James’ choice was to find another way. The route he took was different from Jordan’s, and even this road was not traveled by many people. In the end, James achieved some "first" achievements on his own road, but many NBA stars including Jordan didn’t, so James did what they didn’t do, so comparing from different angles, naturally James could be ahead of Jordan.

The most typical example is that James is the first player in NBA history to get FMVP from three different teams, but Jordan, Duncan, Russell, Bird, Jabbar and other stars can’t even get together with three teams. From this perspective, James is indeed the first person in history.

This is also the reason why in the first-person vote in history, Kobe got less votes and James got more votes.

Take the World Cup group match as an example. In the 2022 World Cup group match, the first in Group E is Japan, the second is Spain, the first in Group F is Morocco, and the second is Croatia.

Jordan is Morocco and Kobe is Croatia. They are very comparable. In contrast, Jordan is in the lead, so there is no suspense in the ranking. Jordan is the first and Kobe is the second.

James is Japan, and he is on his own way, and he is also the first. Durant and Harden are similar to James’ route. Obviously, they are all behind James.

When choosing the strongest team in the group stage, no one will choose Croatia because it has Morocco in front of it, but someone will choose Japan because it is also the first in the group. But can you say that Japan, which ranks first in Group E, must be better than Croatia, which ranks second in Group F?

Obviously not.

This is Kobe’s paranoia.

In fact, there was only one person in Kobe’s pursuit, that is Jordan. He just wanted to catch up with Jordan. As for the others, he didn’t care. For him, he either surpassed Jordan or didn’t surpass him. That’s all. In his cognition, there is no difference between the second place and the 100th place, so he can say that the second place is the biggest loser.

Of course, there was another one he wanted to surpass, and that was O ‘Neill …

James, on the other hand, is more rational and smarter.

Perhaps he wanted to catch up with Jordan’s path in the early days, but after realizing the difficulty, he chose another one. On this road, James was one of the pioneers, and finally he succeeded and became the leader of this road.

You can’t say that James’s other way is bad. After all, many imitators followed James’s old path, but their achievements were not as high as James’s, such as Durant.

And James is also trying to collect all kinds of "firsts" to increase his chips for the GOAT.

There are many criteria for the selection of the GOAT, among which James is the GOAT, but in fact, from a competitive point of view, Jordan is undoubtedly the GOAT, which is the fundamental reason why Jordan has a very high position in the NBA.

(ball game) fanWhat children want, but why?ManetCan’t go back to Liverpool

Sadio mane’s return to Liverpool is difficult in reality.

A world-class winger from Senegal. Although the posture of 174cm is not excellent, he can paralyze the opponent’s defense with explosive speed and gorgeous personal ability. As an African, he has excellent athletic ability, and his ability to finish in a box and cooperate with his teammates is an outstanding standard attacker.

After growing up in the local league, he entered the European stage. In 2011, he went to the French Metropolitan Team, made 19 appearances in the first division, scored 1 goal and assisted 1 time, which showed the possibility. Later, he moved to Salzburg, Austria, where Poten broke out. In the first year of his transfer, he scored 16 goals and assisted 9 times in 26 league games, and joined the League 10-10 Club in 2013-14.

Thanks to this performance, he successfully entered the major leagues. The destination is Southampton. The league level has risen sharply, but for Manet, there is no need to adapt. Manet scored double-digit goals in the league, which attracted the attention of all teams and continued to perform in the 2015-16 season. Therefore, people’s attention was quickly contacted.

The winner is Liverpool, coached by head coach klopp. Manet, who grew further in klopp’s coaching system, established a solid offensive line with mohamed salah and Hoberto Pilmis Nu, and directed Europe. In the 2018-19 season, he scored 22 goals in the league and became the top scorer. Together with Liverpool, he won the league and the European Champions League (UCL). Although it was somewhat depressed, it ushered in the "second heyday" after changing its position to center.

Before this season, he started a new challenge. He left Liverpool for Bayern Munich, Germany. Munich sent robert lewandowski and placed high hopes on Manet.

But the activity is minimal. Including the cup, he played in 37 games, but only scored 12 goals and assisted 6 times. Recently, it also committed violence against leroy sane, and even caused a lot of talk.

In the end, the transfer rumors were blown within a season. Therefore, there are rumors that he will return to Liverpool.

However, danny murphy, a panel discussion group in the British media Talk Sports, denied the possibility of Manet returning to Liverpool. He said: "The fans want Mane to come back, but it is very difficult in reality. Liverpool already have five or six strikers. In addition, Liverpool still has a lot to add. Attack is not a position that needs to be strengthened. They badly need to bring in midfielders.

As Murphy argued, Liverpool’s offensive lineup is saturated. Even if Pilmis Nu left at the end of this season, five players, including Leonardo Nunez, Salah, Diogu Zota, Cody Corner Gun and Luis Diaz, immediately felt the fighting capacity.

After 90 minutes’ whistle, firmino’s eyes were filled with tears. After waiting on the bench for a season, "Deric Wan of Brazil" who was about to bid farewell to Anfield finally came to say goodbye! Against Aston Villa, in this "win-only" game, Liverpool fell behind at home in the 27th minute, but it was Salah, Gakpo, Diaz, jota and Fan Dike who gnashed their teeth at the gate guarded by Martin, and could not knock on the goal guarded by the World Cup champion. Until the 72nd minute, desperate klopp changed into firmino to fight the trapped beast. Sure enough, Brazil’s old handsome boy didn’t live up to klopp’s high hopes: in the 89th minute, firmino took the right cross from old comrade-in-arms Salah and volleyed the ball into the goal! One to one! Even the score! ……

However, what Liverpool need is victory! Only by winning can Liverpool keep that faint hope in the fourth world war. Unfortunately, there is only one firmino, so there is not much time left for Deric Wan, Brazil. When the whistle blew, Liverpool had to accept a draw that was close to failure at Anfield. Three points behind in one more game, grabbing four opponents Newcastle and Manchester United only need to get one point in the next to harvest tickets for next season’s Champions League. Klopp, on the other hand, can only feel helplessly that "the child died and came to nurse", and the seven-game winning streak came too late. However, what is even more annoyed than this, just "came to nurse" and choked back, and fell off the chain when it came to the heel! In the last battle of the season, klopp’s team played against Southampton, a demoted saint. Did they vent their anger on their opponents or let them go at home? But to be honest, it depends on whether Liverpool players who "lost" the qualification of the Champions League can be interested in the Europa League. After all, Brighton behind him is also eyeing this qualification.

After the game, Tenghager, who learned that Liverpool had lost the chain at home and won a draw, may finally be able to put down a big stone in his heart for the time being. He is like a mirror in his heart. Liverpool’s desperate pursuit is definitely threatened most directly by his own Manchester United. With Ka Cermino scoring the only goal against Bournemouth with a wonderful volley barb like a big center, Manchester United is three points ahead of Liverpool in one game. With only one round left in the league, Manchester United only needs to score one point in the last two games to make its arch-enemy Liverpool beat their hearts out! For Tenghage, it is gratifying to win a Carling Cup in the new season, but the qualification for the Champions League is the most important thing, which is not only the face of the giants, but also the real money! For Manchester United fans, what is more comfortable than stepping on the body of a deadly enemy? Therefore, at least one point in two rounds, which is a task that Teng Hager must complete, is actually not too difficult …

The Red Army dropped its own chain to "assist" Tenghage, who basically held the tickets for next season’s Champions League in his hands, while Arsenal’s small guns capsized in the gutter, completely ruining the last hope of this year’s vigorous championship struggle! As long as you win, you can wait for Manchester City to make mistakes in succession. Even if this waiting is full of luck, the lucky "hope" is also a kind of hope! However, Arsenal lost! From four points behind in one game to four points behind in two rounds, I completely strangled this "lucky" hope with one game left and died in my own hands. On the contrary, it gave Lampard new hope. After all, now that Manchester City has won the championship without fighting, Guardiola may be able to work unscrupulously again, and Lampard’s second visit to the palace may not end so ugly.

With Awoniyi’s goal in the 19th minute, Nottingham Forest beat Arsenal, which led the standings for 247 days this season and almost failed Guardiola’s defending title, 1-0, and won the precious three points needed for relegation. Not surprisingly, this newly promoted horse with the longest history and a glorious history is basically safe to stay in the Premier League next season. Guardiola, on the other hand, almost confessed to his apprentice Artta a month ago, but now he has returned from the Champions League victory over Real Madrid to find that he won the championship without playing! It’s so amazing that the Premier League won three consecutive titles "without any effort"! Thanks to Artta, it helped Manchester City attract a season’s firepower, and also helped Manchester City eliminate a number of rivals for the championship, and finally handed over the championship! Why don’t I give you another Rappolt next season? Mendy will do!

Who is the most depressed this season? Perhaps it is not Arteta who led for almost a season but fell short in the final stage. Lao Tan thought that perhaps the most depressing thing this season was the Jewish old man named Levi at Tottenham! In the final analysis, the final stage of Arteta fell short because of the gap in overall strength, and it has actually exceeded everyone’s expectations to hit this position today; Tottenham Hotspur, a Jewish old pickpocket, also played a "heroic" game under the fool of Confucius in summer, throwing hundreds of millions of prisoners to Richarlyson, Danjuma, Pericic, Foster, Langlais, spence … The result is good, but the buyer also abruptly snatched the Champions League tickets from Arsenal with the help of Sun Kai’s combination, and after buying a lot of people for hundreds of millions of pounds, he even lost the qualification to grab the fourth place! This is not, lost again! 1-3 loss to brentford, even lost the qualification of "grabbing five"! Next season, don’t even qualify for the Champions League, not even the Europa League! Even the qualification for the UEFA Cup is in doubt! Seeing the silver turn into water, Levi’s depression can be imagined. Especially looking at the Brazilian striker Richarlyson who scored a goal in one season but spent 60 million pounds, he must be even more angry …

The Premier League has finally come to an end: Manchester City’s third consecutive championship is coming, and Manchester United will return to the Champions League. Although the Arsenal gunners "lost a good game", they still let people see the hope of re-emergence. The "pragmatic" magpie shows us that "local tyrants" also have different ways of playing; Liverpool, which is about to lose the qualification of the Champions League, need not complain. At least it has kept its chivalrous reputation of killing the rich and helping the poor. At least Nottingham Forest and Bournemouth can avoid relegation thanks to the Red Army! Of course, you don’t have to be depressed when Jews are always picking Levi. Your more than one billion pounds is actually nothing. Think about the Americans and Chelsea, and everything will become light and delicious …

# Premier League # # Manchester City # # Manchester United # # Liverpool # # Headline Creation Challenge #